Socket Programming In Python

Socket Programming In Python

Welcome my friends, my new tutorial on how we could create our own messaging system by the use of socket programming in Python. In this tutorial we will learn how we could send data from device-to-device, client-to-server by the  using of socket programming in Python.

So let’s start our tutorial :-

Contents :

·         Definition of Socket Programming ?

·         Why We Have To Use Sockets to Send Data ?

·         Socket Programming In Python

·         Socket Client Server In Python

·         Socket Client In Python

·         How Do You Share The Data Between Clients?

Definition of Socket Programming ?

 

Socket Programming is a program that enables two sockets to send and receive data  bi-directionally  at the same moment.

It works by connecting two sockets (or nodes) together and allowing them to communicate in real time, and it is a great opportunity to create biggest projects on messaging field.

Why  We Have To Use Sockets to Send Data ?

 

Online applications that need socket programming to operate in realtime with greatly benefits from the implementation of sockets in their network codes.

Some examples of applications that uses socket programming given here :-

·         Web pages like Facebook, Twitch etc.

·         Multiplayer games Counter Strike,PubG etc.

·         Chat apps  like WhatsApp, WeChat, Slack etc.

Python, unlike JavaScript, is a language that executes synchronously. This is why asyncio was developed to make Python more robust, particularly for the nature of socket programming.

With streaming sockets, data can be sent or received at any time. In case your Python program is in the middle of executing some code, other threads can handle the new socket data. Libraries like asyncio implement multiple threads.

Socket Programming In Python

 

Python provides a socket class so developers can easily implement socket objects in their projects code.

To implement sockets in our program we have to follow some steps in our projects code :-

1. Import Socket Library

To use a socket object in your program, start off by importing the socket library. No need to install it with a package manager, it comes out of the box with Python.

import socket

2. Build Socket Objects

Now we can create socket objects in our project :-

socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

This code creates a socket object that we are storing in the “socket” variable. The constructor is provided a family and type parameter respectively.  The family parameter is set to the default value, which is the Address Format Internet.

The type parameter is set to Socket Stream, also the default which enables “sequenced, reliable, two-way, connection-based byte streams” over TCP.

3.Open and Close Connection

Once we have an initialized socket object, we can use some methods to open a connection, send data, receive data, and finally close the connection.

sock.connect(('0.0.0.0', 8080))

sock.send("Twenty-five bytes to send")

sock.recv(4096)

sock.close()

Socket Client Server In Python

 

Now that we know a few methods for transmitting bytes, let’s create a client and server program in Python :-

import socket

socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8080))

serv.listen(5)

while True:

        conn, addr = serv.accept()

        client = ''

while True:

        data = conn.recv(4096)

if not data:

        break

client += data

print (client)

conn.send("Server connected")

conn.close()

print ('Server disconnected')

How Does it Work ?

This code makes a socket object, and binds it to localhost’s port 8080 as a socket server. When clients connect to this address with a socket connection, the server listens for data, and stores it in the “data” variable.

Then, the program logs the client data using “print,” and then sends a string to the client: Server connected.

Socket Client In Python

 

Example of  the client socket :-

import socket

client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

client.connect(('0.0.0.0', 8080))

client.send("Client here")

server = client.recv(4096)

client.close()

print (server)

How Does it Work ?

This client opens up a socket connection with the server, but only if the server program is currently running. To test this out yourself, you will need to use 2 terminal windows at the same time.

Next, the client sends some data to the server: Client here

Then the client receives some data it anticipates from the server.

Congratulations !!! You can now get started streaming data between clients and servers using some basic Python network programming.

How Do You Share The Data Between Clients?

 

Sending data between 2 or more client devices over the internet is tricky. Due to protections implemented by network security, not all devices connected to the world wide web have a publicly accessible internet protocol (IP) address.

This means that the Python code that we implemented will not be 100% reliable for sending peer-to-peer data in our realtime applications.

So, how do we achieve reliability and speed when transmitting peer-to-peer data?

This can be accomplished using a server in the middle :-

·         Client devices using the internet can connect to a server with a public IP address or a website domain like www.domain.com.

·         Then, this broker in the middle can pass messages routed to 1 or many clients.

This is the the end of our tutorial guys.

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Thank you Guys and Good Bye...

Keep learning,

Tech Prog

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